Nonnegative-curvature Einstein classification and an L² topological gap

We prove that a closed Einstein four-manifold with positive Einstein constant, nonnegative sectional curvature, and a zero-curvature plane has universal Riemannian cover isometric to a product of two round two-spheres. Under the normalization \(\mathop{\mathrm{Ric}}\nolimits =3g\), both spheres have radius \(1/\sqrt3\). The proof extends coupled estimates for the two Weyl curvature blocks to the boundary of the sectional-curvature cone and determines their equality case.

We prove a universal, scale-invariant L² gap for the trace-free Ricci tensor on simply connected closed four-manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. If the trace-free Ricci energy is sufficiently small, the manifold is diffeomorphic to S⁴, \(\mathbb{CP}^2\), or \(S^2\times S^2\). The proof uses the classification of positive-Einstein, nonnegatively curved four-manifolds supplied by the companion zero-plane rigidity theorem, stated explicitly as the classification premise of our result. No auxiliary curvature, volume, diameter, injectivity-radius, or Sobolev bound is required. The conclusion concerns the smooth manifold, not an isometry of the original metric.

We prove the classification conjecture for connected smooth closed Einstein four-manifolds with strictly positive sectional curvature. Up to positive scaling and isometry, every such manifold is the round four-sphere, the complex projective plane with its Fubini–Study metric, or real projective four-space with its round metric. No orientability assumption is needed.